Refrigerating machine



July 20 1926.

c. L. M cuEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 1July 20 ,'1926. 1,592,892

. c. M CUEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1 1919 4 Sheets-Sh et 2July 20 1926; 1,592,892

- C. L. M CUEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 5211 L "J 2 .7 1 10 58 I. 1,. 1, Q Q '1 July 20 1926.

C. L. MQCUEN REFR-IGERATING MACHINE F iled Nov. 1, 1919 4 sneets-sht 4 In; STATES PATENT OFFICE. canteen savages nvansron,-n.r.rnors swans, 3wmania Assrenunn'rs,

'ro nnnoo nrenrcomrrmrgor narrow, onion 'conronarron or DELAWARE.

" nnramanarrne can. I

. v -3 i'ibfiuationmea hummer-1,1919. semi ire/$35,031.

' I The invention relates to improvements in the available water supplyis not pure and refrigerating apparatus, and particularly to injuriousdeposits or accumulations of for- ,refrigerating apparatusoi thecompression eign materials may require frequent clean- I type,1and;whilethe. inventionisshown ap'- m t 6 plied to" refrigerating;apparatus ofthe comn the use'of refrigerants of a highly volapres'sion type'commonly used by householdtile cha-racter as sulphur dioxide (S0,) ite'r's,- butchers, grocers, bake Yandjthe. like, I is highly importantthat the refrigerant be it will'be apparent that-tlifiinvention may in apermanently closed circulatory system be'applied'to'a'much wider'fieldand to cover and the invention providesa novel construc- 10 .pifa'ctifca'llyall} conditions .where ,refrigerafition f'of condensingapparatus in Whichthe tionis desirable, due regard'being had by the,water system including the cooling surfaces designeror adapteri ofthegvariouspartsoiof the condensing coi s may be thoroughly v themechanism of thefinventionto'meet the cleaned.without disturbing oropening the ,specificconditions' under which itis-desired circulatory.system for the refrigerant. 15 to use thesalme. v Other objects ofthe invention will appear Theprimary object; of'tl-i'einvention is tofrom the-following description which is digenerally improve thedesignfconstruction rected to the preferred embodiment of the andarrangement' ofthe variousfparts or invention depicted also in thedrawings ,1 unitsmalgingup a refrigerating apparatus forming a part ofthe specification.

off'the compression type, and; in the embodiw. In the said drawings,Fig. 1 is a diagram- '2 ment of the invention herein shown and dematlcview of the apparatus with parts of .the described characten;

scribed, such apparatus is designed so. as the'impr'oved units 1;ereofshown in section I tobe of a compact-form that maybe conto disclosecertaindetails'of construction. 'veniently attached to, and; supported:upon ,Fig. Q'fis an'enlarged sectional view taken" the casing andwithintherefriglerating comjthrough the compression chamber and .80partment of refrigerators of the described through-the condenser chamberwith certain character andof a conventiona design; 7 parts of saidchambersin section, and show- 7 It'is another object of the inventionto. pro- -1ng also a mod1 fie(l form of the base of the vide an improvedsystem for automaticelec condenser a I tric control of refrigeratingapparatus of Flg. 3 1s, a hor1zontal.v 1ew partly in section on line 3-3of Fig. 2 looking down- It is atfurther object ofthe nvent on-t0: d ya Iprovide certain-improvements in the, esign Fig. 4) is a'detailed VIEW ofthe testcocks,

' and allocation. of th vari njtg f the, Fig. 5 a top :plan view of thewater pressure 3 'machine,rendering the same more compactcontrolled-electric system. etc, and Fig. 6 a

and sig'htly in appearancelthan heretofore section on the line 6-6 ofFig. 5. t a attained in machines of this. character. 'In the embodimentof the invention as The invention relates to a refrigerating illustratedin the drawings a base for sup- "machine of the water cooled'type, andit is porting the; compressor chamber and the 10 one of the objects'ofthe invention'to-lmusual electric motor" is shown, being desig- 96 provethe water circulatory system, the'same "nated bythe reference charactera, b mdicat being under the control Of thGiIDQaII SI which ing themotor, and the wall of the compresoperates the compressor ordinarilyused'ifor sor chamber being designated generally by compressingandcirculating the refrigerant,v the reference character 0. The base amay It is another' objectf of the invention'to an ordinary refrigerator0 the household improve in a'refrigeratmg machine of the type. '10, is acontinuation of the motor described character the construction and'amshaft, designed to drive a suitable rotary preferably sulphur dioxide,(S01). conveniently be mounted u on the topof rangement of thecondensing and compresspump enclosed within a housing or casing j,

ing chambers and mechanism connected whichisdesigned preferably fordetachable 1 i therewith, whereby the parts requiring ad connect-ioawiththe wall of the compressor justment and cleaning are made-imisilyacchamber c passing-throughan opening pro cessible, and particularlywithrespect to the" :vided thereinso, that the" operative portions watercirculatory system whenitiisdesired ofthe pump me'chanismJWi-thin thecasing t 55 to use the invention inlocalities in which will extend onthe interior of the'compr s a sor casing as illustrated in Figs. '1, 2and 3, whereby the same may be normally immersed in an oil bath asillustrated in Fig. 1, the top level of the oil being indicated by thereference character 12, and'may be controlled or determined by suitabletry cocks or by plugs as indicated by reference characters 15 and 16communicating with and closing the openings 13 and 14.

Upon the top wall of the compressor chamber 0, which wall consists of aspecially formed closure plate indicated by the reference character 70,I mount a condenser chamber, the Walls of which are indicated byreference character (Z.

The machine of the type herein disclosed employs a refrigerating fluidcontained in a closed circuit with which the pump casing y and thecompressor casing 0 are connected in series, the pump discharging ntothe compressor casing. The fluid which I prefor to use is sulphurdioxide (S0,).- 6 is refrigerator.

an expansion coil designed as commonwith this class of machines forinsertion within the refrigerating chamber of a householders 1 indicatesan expansion valveinterposed in the system'between the condenserchamberand the expansion coil. 9 designates a water cooled liquidrefrigeratingfiuid reservoir or receiver for the liquefied refrigerantalso interposedin the system between the compression chamber and theexpansion valve Reference character h designates generally what I call ascale trap in the system, the same being in the return pipe andinterposed between the expansion coil and the compressor. The pump j ispreferably of the rotary type com rising two intermeshing gears having aiquid seal, one of which gears is directly connected with the shaft 10,such pump being preferably of the type fully described in prior patents,Reissue No. 14,112 of April 18, 1916 to Leonard et al., and 1,233,069 ofJuly 10, 1917 v to G. I. Leonard. This pump is secured to the wall ofthe comressor c and completely submerged on the inside of the compressorcasing below the oil level 12 as described, there being one or moreinlet ports 17 through which the lubricating oil. or other suitablesealing fluid will enter the pump casing by suction created thereinwhere in a well known manner it Wlll form a gas or liquid seal resultingin the formation of a vacuum'within the pump casing when the shaft 10 isoperated to cause the separation of the intermeshing teeth of the gears.18 is the inlet port (Fig. 3) for the refrigerant and connectedtherewith by a hand controlled valved connection 19 is the tubularpassage pipe 20 completing the connection between the scale trap h andthe pump, there being a check valve 21 interposed in this pipe to guardagainst back- Ward currents or flow of refrigerant from therein abovethe valve seat.

the pump toward the scale trap. 22 is a pressure gauge in pipe 20, theintake end of the latter being positioned near the bottom of the trapand being cut off from the intake part of the trap, which communicatesthrough pipe 23 with expansion coil 6 through the vaporizer or slug tankm, by a screen 24 through which the refrigerant must pass and whichscreen will be of suitable construction to prevent the entry of anyscale or foreignsolid particles into the pump mechanism.

The construction and mode of operation of the pump is such as to producewhen in operation a vacuum in its suction chamber and at the same timeto ex 1 the oil or sealing fluid therefrom throug the vertical tube 25which has its outlet above the normal level of the sealing fluid in thepump chamber. 26 is a saucer-shaped plate or baflle mounted on theunderside of the top wall 7; of the pump casing, being held in positionby one or more screws 31 entering lugs 27 by which it is spaced from thelower surface of the top wall to permit of the refrigerant, when undercompression within the pump chamber, to pass through the central openingtherein in the manner indicated by the arrows, Fig. 1, and through thevertical central tube 28, the opening in plate being designated byreference character 29. Suitable connection between vertical tube 28 andthe opening 29 may be made by screw threading the parts as indicated(Figs. 1 and 2) and the upper end of the tube 28 is screw threaded andtakes the double clamping nut 30, which is utilized also to form a gastight pipe connection with the fitting 32. The fitting 32 has avertically extending portion having a hollow interior or passage .33normally closed at its upper extremity by a needle valve 34. There is alaterally extending branch of the fitting 32 having a pas sage 34:therein serving as a header and which has a plurality of openings 35with which the four coiled tubes 36 connect. The upper extremity of thefitting 32 is screw threaded and provided with a valve seattoaccommodate the needle valve 34, which is screw threaded in the enlargedopening threaded upper end of fitting 32 there are suitable clampingnuts between which the casing d of the condensing chamber is locked inposition and a liquid tight joint is secured between the fitting and thecasing. 37 is the locking nut on the underside of the to plate of casingd and 38 is a washer or gasliet encircling the threaded u per extremityof the fitting 32 and being hdld in osition by the clamping nut 39, alsoscrew t ireaded on the upper extremity of the stem of fittin 32, and cap40 covers the exposed end 0 the screw threaded needle valve 34. Ca 40 my a so e u lized. as a lock for nut 59 in effectively clamping theartstogethe r." The needle valve 34 1s ma e up of a pointed shank withan enlarged portion at its upper extremity, as shown in Fig. 2, andprovided withan angular upper extremity designed to take a tool by whichthe needle may be backed off the seat to permit any entrappedair toescape from the" system in filling the refrigerating system initially orin adding refrigerant thereto at any subsequent time.

.The reference character 41 indicates one of a plurality of suitablesupporting frames provided with a foot which is secured by screw 42tothe plate I: at the lower end of the condenser chamber and the coils36 may be held in this rectangular s11 porting, frame by suitablespreaders 43 vertically arranged between the cylindrical coils"..Thecoils 36 after passing throu h a number. of convolutions terminateat t eir lower extremities in I -t he h eader-44 with the interior ofwhich they communicate, through openings which are.

here four in number and indicated by the reference character 45, Fig.2.. 46 is a lock nut used to secure the fitting 32 to the connection 30,and 47. is a similar nut locking the header 44 to the plate I: with thepassage v -on the interior thereof communicating with r the outletpassage 48', the latter being connected by the valve fitting 49 withplpe 50 leading] to valved'fitting 51 communicating with t e interior ofthe'liquid reservoir or receiver tank The lock nuts 46 and47 .producefgas tightv joints between their rettings by binding upon gaskets ofspective sultable packing material, as indicated in Fig. 2.

- he design of the machine is such that cooling water from any desiredsource as a water works system will be taken through intake pipe 52through the pressure operated switch control n and control valve 55"intoco1l53 within the liquid refrigerant receiver g and thence through handoperated cutoff valve 56 and pipe 54 into the branch fitting 57'whichcommunicates with the two water pipes 58 and 59 controlled by handvalves '60 and 61 respectively. The

' either the coo ing means for the compressor or the condenser, but thatby means 'ofthe parallel arrangement of the system I am Y able. bymampulating the hand control valves 60, 61 to cool the compressorchamber and the oil therein in relationto the refrigerant in thecondenser-just as may be desired and found necessary to prevent thecondensat on of refrigerants" my the -oi-l. I Water to the interior ofthe: con- -of a refrigerator, the coil being from the cooling chamber 62of the compressor will pass to thesewer pipe 64 and the cooling waterfrom the condenser chamber will leave the chamber around the coils 36near the top thereof so that the hot water will be taken and will passdownwardly through the vertical tube 65 to a manifold or chamber 66arranged to surround the vertical intake pipe 28 for the refrigerant atthe center of the condenser chamber. The water passes from this chamberthrough an openmg at the bottom indicated by reference character 67 andthenccthrough connecting pipe 68 to the aforesaid water discharge pipe64. 69 is a valve controlled discharge pipe for draining the watersystem preferably placed at the lowest point in water jacket castintegral with base a.

In water cooled refrigerating machines it hashere'tofore been common tocirculate the cooling water through relatively small coils in thecondenser chamber with the, refrigerant" around the coils. Inmanylocalities where available water for coolingvsuch devices containsimpurities such as sand, alkali,

and other sediments, such systems require frequent cleaning with theresult that it is necessary to remove the refrigerant from the systembefore the apparatus may be cleaned.

Re'frigerants such as sulphur dioxide (S0 are very difficult, if notimpossible for any but the most skillful workmen to handle,

and it is highlydesirable, and one of the important features of theinvention, to pro- 'vide a construction ,of condenser in which the watercooling system may be accessible and thoroughly cleaned withoutdisturbing the system containing the refrigerant. It willbeseen that Ihave provided such a construction, for the wall or cover (1 of the Inncondenser may, after the water is drained from the system be detached byremoving the cap nut 40 "and lock nut 39 together with suitable machinescrews as indicated at 70 and 71 so that the condenser coil will becompletely accessible. The pipe 50con necting the condenser with thecooling reservoir and the expansion coil through the e'x-- pansionvalve, is preferably provided with a pressure gauge as indicated byreference character 72, and for convenience in removing for adjusting orcleaning hand operated ya y es 73 'and74 will be located on each side oftheexpansion valve.

' 'hen the machine is properly installed with, the expansion coil 6 onthe interior of what is commonly termed the icechamber referablyimmersed in a brine tank to sta hilizethe temperature of sameand preventtoo rapid changes, and when the water intake 52 is connected with 'a'suitable source of water supply as the waterworks system or pres-- suretank,"with the water discharge pipe 64- I connected. with the sewer 'orother suitable when the automatic electrical control system is connectedwith a suitable source for current supply as indicated by thediagrammatic arrangement of the parts in Fig. 1, the apparatus will bein condition for continuous automatic operation, it being ofcourseunderstood that the refrigerating system is provided with asuitable supply of low pressure refrigerant as sulphur dioxide (80,),which will be introduced through the valve 75, which will also serve asa recharging valve should it be desirable at any time after the machineis in operation to add additional refrigerant. When the valve is opened,the refrigerant, being ordinarily commercially contained in a closedcontainer under pressurefwill be allowed to pass into the refrigeratingsystem on the compressor side of the check valve 21,

through the compressor, and above the space in the oil level therein andinto the various parts of the refrigerating system in the compressor andcondenser chambers, any air therein being allowed to escape through theair needle valve 3 1, which may be temporarily opened for this purpose.Thence the refrigerant will be allowed to pass through pipe 50 into theliquid reservoir or receiver 9 and finally to the expansion valve whereit will be passed under the control of the lat ter into the expansioncoil 0.

In the following description of the operation of the'machine, referencebeing made particularly to the diagrammatic showing in Fig. 1, it shouldbe noted that for con venience the electrical and other parts of thecontrol apparatus are illustrated in Fig. 1 only in a diagrammaticmanner and that the switching mechanism is shown correct in Figs. 5 and6, and hereinafter described.

Current through the feed lines 76,77 and TS-through the fuses 79, and 81will enter the system, the lines 76 and 7 Tbeing wired to the contacts100 and 101 of the pressure operated switch a and passing' thencethrough switches 104, 105 and contacts 102, 103 to the two knife switcharms 82 and 83 which are in substantially rigid connection with thepivoted walkingbeam 84 carrying at its extremities the cores 106, 107 ofthe solenoids 85 and 86. In'the diagrammatic drawing of Fig. 1 it willbe noted that for convenience the knife switch arms 82 and 83 are shownconnected to a supplementary walking beam oscillatable with the walkingbeam 8 1. This is shown in the diagrammatic drawing only for the purposeof illustrating the mode of operation of the parts, the preferred designof this switching mechanism being illustrated in correct detail in Figs.5

and 6. Connected with the Walking beam and with the knife switch arms82, 83 is the depending arm 87 varying at its extremity gear segment 88meshing with the 'positionby the water pressure in the main 52 so thatthe current supply lines 76, 77 are closed at this point which is thenormal condition of switch n. The reference character v89 indicates atemperature operated switching device or thermostat of a conven tionalform,'the temperature operated member of which is indicated by referencecharacter 90, and is connected with the terminal of line 91 and adaptedto alternately close upon'the terminals of lines 92, 93 respectively,which latter are connected with the windings of the solenoids 85 and 86,the same being wired to switch contacts adapted for engagement withknife switch arm 82, the contact associated with solenoid 85 and withthe knife switch arm 82 being also connected by line 94 with the motor1). Line 95 is connected with a terminal also adapted to be engaged byknife switch arm 82 and leads to the coil of the solenoid 86. Knifeswitch arm 83 is adapted to engage at the limit of its movement in onedirection with a inserted in the lines 76, 77 which feed the.

motor lines 94 and 96, so that when both these lines are simultaneouslybroken no current may enter the motor. It is the func tion of theswitching mechanism by means of the solenoids 85, 86 to cut in or cutout the current to the motor I) under the control of the thermostat. Thepressure operated switching mechanism 1:. functions whenever the waterpressure in the cooling system is not suflicient toproperly feed thesystem. In such case the switch it opens the feed lines 76, 77. It willbe apparent that the pressure operated switch 72. is for safety purposesbecause the compressor and condenser mechanisms depend upon the waterfor proper cooling and in the event of the failure of the water supplythe heat generated within the compressor and condenser might injuriouslyeffect or burn up the parts. The

thermostatically operated switching mecha nism 89 will be adjustable inthe ordinary manner of such devices and will preferably be locatedwithin the cooling or storage compartment of the refrigerator and itwill consequently be operated to one of two'positions whenever a certainpredetermined temperature is primed in either direction. For example, ifit be desired to maintain a temperatureof forty-five degrees Fahr.within the cooling compartment of the refrigerator the thermostat willbe set so that the variable member 90 thereof, will make contact withline 93 at a temperature of say 46 degrees Fahn, whereas it will makecontact with line 92 at a temperature of say 44 degrees Fahr. Thevariation in the temperature at which the thermostat will operate willdepend on the type of thermostat used and the adjustment of same.Assuming that the apparatus is in working condition and the temperaturearound thermostat 16 degrees Fahr. or above, the variable member 90 ofthe thermostat will close the circuit between lines 91 and 93, thecircuit being from power source through line 77, water pressure operatedswitch n, line 99, line 91, thermostat 89, line 93, solenoid 86, line95, knife switch arm 82, line 97 to switch n and line 76 to powersource. The closing of the above described circuit will energize solenoid 86 attracting and pulling down core 107 and operating knife switcharms 82,

'83, the former thereby disconnecting line 97 from line 95 andconnecting line 97 to solenoid winding 85, and the latter thereby con-.

' nect-ing line 99 to line 96. Under this condition of the switchmechanism the motor 5 starts, receiving power through line 78 directly;also from line 77 through pressure operated switch n, line 99, knifeswitch arm 83, and line 96; also from line 76 through pressure operatedswitch n, line 97, knife switch arm 82, and line 94. It should be frirant through the system, and consequent coo ing of the expansion coil,which condition will obtain until the temperature of air surrounding thethermostat is lowered to say, ap roximately 44 degrees Fahr. when movale contact of the thermostat will close circuit between lines 91- and 92causin flow of current in solenoid S5 throng line 77, pressure operatedswitch n, line 99, line 91, thermostat 89, line 92, solenoid winding 85,knife switch arm .82, line.

97, pressure operated switch 1, and line 76 A to source, resulting inattracting and pulling down solenoid core 106, shifting knife switcharms 82, 83 back to the positions shown, full lines, Fig. 1, resultingin breaking circuit between lines 96 and 99 and also breaking thecircuit between lines 94 and ,97 leaving line 78 connecting motordirectly with power source and line 77 connecting motor with powersource through the high resistance winding of solenoid 85, under whichconditions the motor will stop and remain at rest until thermostatswitch is again aifected by a rise in temperature. It should also benoted that the depression of solenoid core 106 will close water controlvalve 55 preventing waste of water when not needed in cooling compressorand condenser.

Reference will now be made to the preferred form of the water pressurecontrolled electrical system of Figs. 5 and 6 shown only" 7 indiagrammaticform in Fig. 1 as previously referred tom the describedoperation of the machine. While this water pressure operated switchingmechanism has been desig nated generally by reference character at itwill be seen that there is a specially formed pipe fitting of irregularshape as indicated by reference character 110 inserted between thesections 52 and '53 of the, water supply inlet pipe and that thepassageway throng this fitting is under the control of the beforedescribed control valve 55 operated byv gear segment 108. W'ithin thehousing formed in the passageway through fitting 110 and on the watersupply or inlet side of control valve 55, I mount a collapsible chamberso that a portion of the collapsible walls of said chamber will beexposed to the pressure of the water within the fitting on the inletside of the control valve. Such a, chamber may be of cylindrical shape,formed for example, from some suitable spun ductile metal as brass orcopper with one end formed integrally with the cylindrical walls thereofas indicated by reference character 111, the said end portion havingconnected thereto. a part 112 provided with a screw threaded socket(Fig. 6) adapted to take the threaded extremity of a shaft or pin 113carryingfat its 'upperend a cross head 114 to which will be attached butin sulated therefrom the two switch members 104, 105 previously referredto, and one of which is shown in Fig. 6, being adapted when closed uponthe line terminal contacts 101 to 103 inclusive to close the respectivecircuits through saidcontacts, as already described. The cylindricalwalls of the chamber 111 will be given a sinuous form in section, asindicated at 115 to render the same collapsible upon the application offluid pressure within the passa of the fitting and the outer end of thec may be closed b 116 throng shaft 113'will loosely pass, there ing acoil spring 117 adapted to exert a normal expansive effect between plate116 and the bottom of the chamber, the, said spring being positionedaround the shaft 113 and may be conveniently seated at its end oppositethe plate 116 upon the part 112, whereby to depress the switch membersand break the described circuit contactswhenever the pressure of thewater on the supply side of the control valve 55 falls below apredetermined pressure. The collapsible chamber 111 for operating theswitch mechanism may conveniently be secured to the substantiallycircular fitting 118, screw threaded in the threaded opening asindicated on the top of fitting 110 and having a clamping circular.plate 119 attached thereto, there being circular recesses formed, asillustrated, in one or both of said parts 118, 119 to receive theflanged peripheral edge of the collapsible chamber member .and theperiphery of 'plate 116. a

The line terminals 100 to 103 inclusive are preferably secured to theunderside of base plate 120 which for the protection of.

the solenoids operating parts of the switch mechanism connectedtherewith may be provided with the suitable cover 121 and with a.vertical branch preferably connected integrally therewith as indicatedat 122, serving as a support for the three fuses 79 to 81 in the maincurrent supply lines 76 to 78 inclusive I as heretofore referred to andshown in the diagrammatic portions of Fig. 1. 123, 124

and 125 are suitable binding posts in feed lines 76to 78 respectively.The fuses 79 and 80 have suitable electrical connections through theirrespective binding posts with binding posts of contacts 100, 101, andthe circuit in line 78 is continued through fuse 81 and binding post 126to the motor as shown in the dlagrammatic illustiatiOnFig. 1. In thedetail views Figs. 5 and 6 no attempt is made to illustrate the circuitcon nections between switch contacts, solenoids and motor, as shown inFig. 1, but the operation of the switching mechanism will be understoodfrom the diagrammatic arrangement of the corresponding parts in Fig. 1.It will be observed that knife switch arms 82' and 83 engage therespective switch sockets 94, 95 and 96" in lines 94 to 96 inelusive, asdescribed, and it will be borne in mind that the switch arms 82 and 83'which will be suitably connected to be operated by the oscillation ofthe walking beam 84 will be insulated therefrom and from the supportingbrackets 127, 128 and that these knife switch arms 82, 83 will haveconnected in ciring the magnet cores, as the same forms no part of thepresent invention, and theoretically the switching device describedwould be operative if the knife switch arms were substantially rigidlyconnected to oscillate with beam 84 and with the pivotal shaft asindicated by reference character 129, by which the same is supported insaid brackets 127, 128. However, in order to prevent arcing between theswitch arms and their respective contacts, I prefer to use suitablemeans such as are common and well known for giving a quick throw to theknife switch arms 82 and 83 independently of the movement of walkingbeam 84 so that the switch arms will not operate with the oscillationsof the walking beam 84, but may be operated with a quick snap from eachof their two position to the opposite position by suitable spring orelastic means under the control of the magnetically operated beam 84,and upon each separate oscillation thereof.

Reference has been made to the distortion of the compressor casing 0 ofthe diagrammatic Fig. 1 and to show therein a vertical section throughwater jacket 62 and water supply and vent connections the same isdistorted almost ninety degrees as will be apparent from the correctviews in section in Figs. 2 and 3, and from which it will be seen thatthe inner wall of the jacket is provided with fins 150, this increasingthe cooling surface exposed to the liquid within the compressor.

In Fig. 2 certain details of the pump casing 9' are shown including thepacking and bearing for drive shaft 10 which is more particularlydescribed in a separate application on the pump per se.

In the form of the base a of Fig. 1 an extension of the water coolingjacket 62 of the compressor is formed integrally within the casing. InFig. 2 I show a modified construction in which the base plate asindicated by reference character a is of a much simpler design, havingno provision for the portion 7' of the compressor casing, and as in theform of the compressor casing j shown in Fig. 1 the bottom of the casingwill be constructed with an opening therein almost as large as theinternal diameter of the casing with an openin 142 therein adapted tohave attached thereto a suitable closure as an ordinary try-cock, notshown, for draining the interior of the compressor casing. The plate 140will be provided with duct 142 extending radially from the peripherythereof at the outside radius of the compressor casing and closed by asuitable drain valve connection indicated by reference character 143which may be opened when the machine not 1n operation for the purpose ofdraining cooling fluid from the system, this normally being the lowestpoint in the cooling system. The fitting 143 will preferably beconstructed in the form of a two way cock so that in one position thedrain spout 144 thereof may be closed with a passageway through the cockconnecting with the water supply pipe 58 for feeding the cooling jacketof the compressor chamber. Also when the valve 143 is closed to preventthe circulation of water from the pipe 58 into the jacket passage 142'the valve should open for draining the system through the dischargeoutlet. The upper surface of plate 140 surrounding the discharge of duct142 will be provided with concentric heat conducting fins as indicatedat145 and the opening in the bottom of the condenser chamber 7' will beclosed by a specially constructed plate 146 attached thereto by suitablemachine screws, as indicated in Fig. 2, the plate 146bein provided withheat conducting fins on both its upper and lower surfaces,.as indicatedby reference characters 147 and 148. This modified construction for thebase plate and the compressor cas refrigerant that might be intermingledwith liquid in the bottom of the compressor chamber with freshsupply'fed from the using cyclic expansion culating water to cool one.of said chamhere said conduitfmeansincluding a water valve, a commoncontrol means for controlling the operation of said switch and saidwater valve, and means responsive to the pressure of the cooling waterfor rendering said control means inoperative.

2. In an apparatus ofthe character described, the combination of acompressor, a

condenser, an expansion chamber, means con-' necting said compressor,condenserfland expansio'n chamber in a -closedqrefrigerating circuit,means for driving the compressor ining and jacketconnections therefornot only results in a considerable saving of manufacturing costs due tothe difficulty of properly casting a supporting base plate of the typeindicated by reference character a but the various portions beingdetachable the interior portions of the water jacket are rendered easilyaccessible for cleaning.

Reference has heretofore been made to the test cocks 15 and 16 fordetermining the liquid level in the compression chamber. In Fig.' 4 Ishow the preferred forin of such device consisting of a screw threadedplug 1 adapted for insertion in both of the openings 13 and 14 of thecompressor casing, said plug being provided with, ah ad polygonal incross section and having on the exterior thereof a recessed portion 8adapted to receive the polygonal head of a screw plug t threaded in anopening a, which extends longitudinally of plug 1' terminating near itsextremity opposite, its head porti n and on the interior of the chambera in a contracted duct indicated by reference character 0:, thisconstruction forming a seat for the pointed inner end 3 of thescrew-plug t so I that the duct or orifice a: may be kept nor mallyclosed but opened whenever desired by the use of a tool applied to thehead of plug t which may be adjusted to uncover the orifice m and permitdischarge of liquid from the interior of the compressor chamber into theplug opening '0, thence through duct 2 eluding an electric circuit and aswitch therein, condu1t means .forconducting cooling water to thecondenser, said conduit means mcluding a water valv'e'forcontrolling thecirculation of water,ia'common control means for controllingtheoperation of.

said switch and said'water valve; and means responsive to the pressureof the cooling water for preventing-the operation'of the control means.i 3. In an apparatus of the character described, thecombination ,of acompressor, a condenser, an expansion chamber, means connecting saidcompressor, v condenser and expansion chamber in a closed refrigeratingcircuit, means for driving the compressor including an electric circuitand a switch therein, conduit means for conducting cooling water to thecondenser, said conduit means including a water vvalve for controllingthe circulation of water, va common means mechanically fconnected withsaid switch and said valve for operating the switch and valve, and meansresponsive to the pressure of the cooling water for rendering saidcommon means inoperative.

4. In an apparatusof the character described, the combiuation ofacompressor, a condenser, an expansion chamber, means connecting saidcompressor, condenser and ex pansion'chamber in aclosed refrigeratingcircuit, means for driving the compressor including an electric circuitand a switch therein, conduit means for conducting cooling water to thecondenser, said conduit .means including a water valve for control toprevent or lessen 'any intermingling of ling the circulation of water, acognition control means for controlling the operation of said switch andsaid water valve, and-means ill) operative after the circuit has beenclosed and the water valve has-been opened to automatically open thecircuit upon the pres sure of the cooling water falling below a 6. In arefrigerating apparatus, the combination with a compressor chamber, acompressor therein, a condenser chamber comprising a refrigerant-coolingcoil therein a common wall sealing the compressor chamher and thecondenser chamber, water supply means, ports and-passages entirely insaid common wall for conducting the cooling water and the refrigerantinto and out of the condenser, there being but a single passageextending through the common wall connecting the compressor chamber withthe condenser chamber.

T. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a condenser and anexpansion coil, of a compressor casing, a compressor adapted todischarge refrigerant into said casing, cooling fins on the interiorwall of said casing, and means for conducting a cooling medium intocontact with the outer surface of'the wall of said casing whereby tocool said fins and the contents of said casing.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a condenser and anexpansion coil, of a compressor casing, a compressor adapted todischarge refrigerant into said casing, cooling fins on the interiorwall of said casing at two or more sides thereof, and

means for conducting a cooling medium into contact with the outersurface of the wall of said casing whereby to cool said fins and thecontents of said casin 9. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combinationwith a condenser and an expansion coil, of a compressor casing, acompressor adapted to discharge. refrigerant into said casing, coolingfins on the interior of the bottom wall of. said casing, and means forconducting a cooling medium into contact with the outer surface of thewall of said casing whereby to cool said fins and the contents of saidcasin In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specificationon this 24th day of October A. D. 1919.

, CHARLES'L. coimn'

